2 Samuel 19:43

Authorized King James Version

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And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said, We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more right in David than ye: why then did ye despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king? And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of the men of Israel.

Original Language Analysis

וַיַּ֣עַן answered H6030
וַיַּ֣עַן answered
Strong's: H6030
Word #: 1 of 32
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,
אִ֥ישׁ And the men H376
אִ֥ישׁ And the men
Strong's: H376
Word #: 2 of 32
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 3 of 32
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 32
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אִ֥ישׁ And the men H376
אִ֥ישׁ And the men
Strong's: H376
Word #: 5 of 32
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
יְהוּדָ֔ה of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָ֔ה of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 6 of 32
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר and said H559
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 7 of 32
to say (used with great latitude)
עֶֽשֶׂר We have ten H6235
עֶֽשֶׂר We have ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 8 of 32
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
יָד֨וֹת parts H3027
יָד֨וֹת parts
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 9 of 32
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
לִ֣י H0
לִ֣י
Strong's: H0
Word #: 10 of 32
מַלְכִּ֑י in the king H4428
מַלְכִּ֑י in the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 11 of 32
a king
וְגַם H1571
וְגַם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 12 of 32
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
בְּדָוִד֮ have also more right in David H1732
בְּדָוִד֮ have also more right in David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 13 of 32
david, the youngest son of jesse
אֲנִ֣י and we H589
אֲנִ֣י and we
Strong's: H589
Word #: 14 of 32
i
מִמְּךָ֒ H4480
מִמְּךָ֒
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 15 of 32
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙ H4069
וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙
Strong's: H4069
Word #: 16 of 32
what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?
הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי than ye why then did ye despise H7043
הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי than ye why then did ye despise
Strong's: H7043
Word #: 17 of 32
to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 18 of 32
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הָיָ֨ה H1961
הָיָ֨ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 19 of 32
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
מִדְּבַ֖ר And the words H1697
מִדְּבַ֖ר And the words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 20 of 32
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
רִאשׁ֛וֹן should not be first H7223
רִאשׁ֛וֹן should not be first
Strong's: H7223
Word #: 21 of 32
first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)
לִ֖י H0
לִ֖י
Strong's: H0
Word #: 22 of 32
לְהָשִׁ֣יב had in bringing back H7725
לְהָשִׁ֣יב had in bringing back
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 23 of 32
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 24 of 32
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
מַלְכִּ֑י in the king H4428
מַלְכִּ֑י in the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 25 of 32
a king
וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ were fiercer H7185
וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ were fiercer
Strong's: H7185
Word #: 26 of 32
properly, to be dense, i.e., tough or severe (in various applications)
מִדְּבַ֖ר And the words H1697
מִדְּבַ֖ר And the words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 27 of 32
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אִ֥ישׁ And the men H376
אִ֥ישׁ And the men
Strong's: H376
Word #: 28 of 32
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
יְהוּדָ֔ה of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָ֔ה of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 29 of 32
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
מִדְּבַ֖ר And the words H1697
מִדְּבַ֖ר And the words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 30 of 32
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אִ֥ישׁ And the men H376
אִ֥ישׁ And the men
Strong's: H376
Word #: 31 of 32
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 32 of 32
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis & Commentary

And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said, We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more right in David than ye: why then did ye despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king? And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of the men of Israel.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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